Thermalism can be defined as the therapeutic use of hot springs. Thermalism has been a common practice in Europe from ancient times to the present day. Europe is home to many spa towns with different styles of architecture and an array of spa traditions. This spa culture can truly be considered a unique European heritage.

There are three locations in Türkiye that are part of the European Route of Historic Thermal Towns.

• Afyonkarahisar

Afyonkarahisar is the capital of thermal tourism in Türkiye and is an important center of culture, nature, and gastronomy. Afyonkarahisar has a history stretching back more than 5,000 years. It has been home to many empires such as those of the Hittites, Phrygians, Romans, Byzantines, Seljuks, and Ottomans. The thermal tradition first took form here in ancient times and was continued by all societies that lived in the historic city.

• Bursa

Bursa is a modern, popular thermal tourist destination, which features many Turkish baths and hammams. Bursa’s crystal-clear waters are rich in magnesium, and are known as “Silver Waters.” The thermal water is well-known for treating rheumatic diseases, neuralgia, stress disorders, sport injuries, and aiding in rehabilitation.

• Pamukkale

Pamukkale has been a tourist destination for more than 2,000 years. Pamukkale is not only a natural wonder, but also a place where you can travel back in time by visiting the ancient city of Hierapolis. The ruins of the baths, the temples, and the other monuments of this Graeco-Roman spa resort await visitors today. In Hierapolis, healing waters, superstition, and faith all intermingled in rituals that developed in connection to the successive local cults and religions.